Sun exposure has both beneficial and harmful effects on the skin. On the one hand, it provides a tanned complexion , stimulates the production of melatonin , promoting sleep, and provides a sense of well-being. However, UVA and UVB rays can cause lasting damage : premature aging, dark spots and the risk of skin cancer . The importance of preparing your skin for the sun is paramount when summer arrives!

Why does our skin like the sun (a little) ?

Our skin responds positively to moderate sun exposure , mainly due to the production of vitamin D , an essential element for our health. This vitamin plays a key role in strengthening bones and the proper functioning of our immune system. In addition, the sun contributes to our psychological well-being by stimulating the production of serotonin, a hormone that promotes good mood. However, it is important to find a balance to avoid the dangers of UV rays , such as premature aging of the skin and the risk of skin cancer.

Vitamin D: How many minutes of exposure are enough ?

In general, 10 to 15 minutes of daily exposure to the hands, forearms, and face is sufficient to produce adequate vitamin D. This exposure should be regular, ideally two to three times a week , and should be done between April and October, when the sun's rays are most beneficial. Following these recommendations maximizes the benefits while minimizing the risk of skin damage . Remember that the use of sunscreen remains essential in case of prolonged exposure.

UVA, UVB rays: what damage does it do to hormonal skin ?

UVA and UVB rays can be particularly damaging to hormone-affected skin, such as that of pregnant women or those experiencing periods of hormonal fluctuations. UVA rays penetrate deep into the skin, causing accelerated aging and altering skin pigmentation. UVB rays, on the other hand, cause sunburn and stimulate melanin production, increasing the risk of pigment spots .

Accelerated skin aging: wrinkles, loss of elasticity

UVA rays play a major role in premature skin aging . They damage the dermis, reducing collagen production and deteriorating elastic fibers. The effects of the sun on the skin are manifested by the appearance of wrinkles and a loss of elasticity. This damage is often more visible in people with sensitive skin or those subject to hormonal fluctuations.

Hyperpigmentation & brown spots in women aged 30-50

In women aged 30 to 50, exposure to UV rays can exacerbate the effects of hormonal fluctuations, increasing the risk of hyperpigmentation and dark spots. These marks, often visible as pregnancy mask or melasma, appear as brown or grayish spots on the face. Effective sun protection is essential to prevent these pigmentation problems.

What are the aggravating factors: phototype, hormonal treatments, photosensitizing drugs ?

Certain factors can increase the risk of sun damage, including skin phototype , hormonal treatments and photosensitizing medications .

Skin phototype , which classifies skin according to its ability to tan or burn, plays an important role in sensitivity to UV rays. People with fair skin (types I and II) are particularly vulnerable to sunburn and premature aging , due to their low amount of melanin, the natural pigment that protects the skin.

Hormonal treatments, such as those used during pregnancy or menopause, can also make the skin more sensitive to the sun's rays. These hormonal fluctuations can lead to more pronounced hyperpigmentation and other skin problems. Additionally, some cosmetics and chemical peels also increase the skin's sensitivity to UV rays, making sun protection essential in your daily routine.

Finally, photosensitizing medications are another major aggravating factor. These medications can cause abnormal skin reactions when exposed to UV rays, ranging from severe sunburn to significant eczema . It is therefore essential to consult a doctor before taking any medication that may increase sun sensitivity.

7 dermatologically validated actions to protect your skin

For effective protection against the sun's rays, here are seven essential steps to incorporate into your daily routine:

• 1. Apply sunscreen every day: Use a simple method like the "two-finger rule" or "three-finger rule" to apply a sufficient amount of sunscreen to exposed areas.
• 2. Choose the right sunscreen : Make sure the product protects against both UVA and UVB rays , and opt for an SPF of at least 30.
• 3. Reapply: Reapply a new layer of sunscreen every two hours or after swimming or excessive sweating.
• 4. Wear protective clothing: Choose clothing that blocks UV rays, such as long sleeves and a hat.
• 5. Seek shade: Avoid the sun between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., the hours when exposure is most intense.
• 6. Use protective sunglasses: They protect your eyes from UVB rays, but choose models that also block UVA rays.
• 7. Avoid photosensitizing products: Beware of cosmetics and medications that increase sensitivity to sunlight.

Choosing the right SPF according to your phototype and sun capital

When choosing a sunscreen, it's important to consider your skin phototype and sun exposure habits. For fair skin (types I and II), SPF 50 is often recommended, while for darker skin, SPF 30 may be sufficient if exposure is limited. Remember to check that the product also protects against UVA rays.

After-sun: repair, soothe, boost collagen

After sun exposure, it is essential to take care of your skin to repair damage caused by UV rays and soothe any burning or dryness. After-sun care products are specially designed to rehydrate , nourish, and repair the skin barrier, helping to maintain healthy, radiant skin.

Our product, [MY] VELOUTÉ CORPS DOUCEUR , is an ideal solution to meet these needs. Formulated for sensitive skin, this nourishing and rebalancing treatment offers a light and airy texture similar to whipped cream, as well as a subtle fragrance with notes of white tea. These characteristics guarantee a pleasant and easy application.

This product is a true cocoon of comfort for fragile skin. It soothes while strengthening the skin. With its dry, no-rinse finish and compatibility with pregnant or breastfeeding women, it's the perfect choice for effective and gentle after-sun care.

What you need to know about the effects of the sun on the skin

The sun is both an ally and a foe for your skin. Moderate exposure can boost vitamin D and improve your mood, but insufficient protection against UVA and UVB rays can lead to harmful effects such as premature aging , the appearance of spots, and even skin cancer . Sunscreens, with proven effectiveness, are essential for preventing these risks, provided you choose an SPF adapted to your skin type and reapply them regularly.

To reinforce this protection, choose covering clothing, hats and seek shade , especially during the hours when the sun is most intense. After each exposure, take care of your skin by moisturizing it and repairing it with a suitable treatment. By adopting these simple but essential reflexes, you effectively protect your skin, which will thank you at any age.

Taking action means investing in your health and beauty capital , today and for the future.

FAQ

Does the sun really provide vitamin D all year round ?

No, vitamin D synthesis depends on sunlight and latitude. In the Northern Hemisphere, between April and September, 15 to 30 minutes of exposure per day in the middle of the day is generally sufficient to cover needs, provided that at least 20% of the body surface area is exposed without sunscreen.

On the other hand, in winter, the intensity of UVB rays is too low to allow efficient production, particularly in France. In this case, it is advisable to resort to dietary supplementation .

How to avoid rebound acne after vacation ?

Some skin types, particularly those with acne-prone skin , may experience a "post-tan flare-up." To limit this phenomenon, favor a gentle routine after sun exposure, use non-comedogenic and skin-balancing products, and gradually reintroduce your usual skincare. Moisturizing and the use of soothing , alcohol-free skincare products are also recommended to prevent overproduction of sebum and the return of blemishes.

Should you wear sunscreen in the city or in winter ?

Yes, it is advisable to apply sunscreen even in the city or in winter, especially on exposed areas. UVA rays, the main cause of skin aging, penetrate glass and persist all year round.

Furthermore, snow can reflect up to 80% of UV rays , increasing exposure, particularly during winter sports. Appropriate sun protection protects  skin from the harmful effects of UV rays in all circumstances.

Do clouds filter out dangerous UV rays ?

No, clouds do not completely filter UV rays. Up to 80% of UV rays can penetrate light cloud cover, meaning there is still a risk of sunburn or skin damage even on overcast days. Even in the absence of direct sunlight, it is still important to protect yourself, especially during extended days outdoors.

What after-sun care for premenopausal skin ?

Premenopausal skin , often drier and more reactive, requires care rich in moisturizing , soothing and restorative active ingredients. Choose creamy , fragrance-free textures enriched with ceramides, hyaluronic acid or antioxidant active ingredients to restore the skin barrier and limit premature aging .

Specific after-sun care , such as a nourishing body or face cream, helps repair any damage and maintain skin elasticity .

Sources:

To write this article, we relied on reliable data and official recommendations regarding sun protection and the effects of the sun on the skin. Here are the main sources used:

1. French National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) : Sunscreen products: better informing consumers for better protection . This report highlights the importance of protection against UVA and UVB rays , as well as advice for optimal use of sunscreen products.

2. General Directorate for Competition, Consumer Affairs and Fraud Control (DGCCRF) : Sun protection: advice on choosing the right product . This document provides essential information on sun protection factors , UVA/UVB filters and how to read labels to make an informed choice.

3. Ministry of Health : Sun Risks - What you need to know to keep the sun a pleasure . This practical guide offers advice on the behaviors to adopt for effective protection, including the importance of clothing , sunglasses , hats and regular application of sunscreen.

4. Info.gouv.fr : How to protect yourself from the sun? This site provides government information on preventing sun damage as well as up-to-date recommendations.

These sources guarantee the reliability of the information presented in order to better understand the effects of the sun on the skin and the solutions to limit its negative impacts, while enjoying its benefits in complete safety.