Understanding menopause and its effects on sexuality

Menopause is a natural but often confusing stage in a woman's life. Beyond the well-known physical changes, it also brings about hormonal shifts that can affect emotional well-being, self-confidence, and sexuality. To better understand the impact of this transition on sexual desire, it's essential to go back to the basics: what is menopause, when does it occur, and what changes does it cause in the body?

What is menopause?

Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation, diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without a period. It generally occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, with an average age around 51. It is preceded by perimenopause, a period when menstrual cycles become irregular, accompanied by symptoms such as hot flashes, sleep disturbances, or mood swings.

After menopause, a woman enters postmenopause. It is during this phase that the effects of hormonal deficiencies (decrease in estrogen and testosterone) become lasting.

Hormonal changes and impact on libido

Hormones play a key role in regulating sexual desire. During menopause, the drop in estrogen and testosterone can lead to:

• A decrease in sexual desire.
• Vaginal dryness , making intercourse sometimes uncomfortable or even painful (dyspareunia).
• A decrease in sensitivity of the genitals , making arousal more difficult to achieve.

Studies show that nearly 50% of postmenopausal women experience an alteration in their libido ( NCBI, 2018 ).

MiYé's tip:

To soothe vaginal dryness, use a moisturizing lubricant during sex and a vaginal moisturizer daily. Organic plant oils, such as coconut oil, can also help.

When it comes to sensitivity, sex toys promote blood circulation and intensify pleasure. Geisha balls or perineal probes also strengthen muscles and boost sensations.

Factors influencing sexual desire during menopause

Decreased sexual desire is not solely due to hormonal factors. It often results from a combination of physiological, psychological, and relational factors.

Physiological causes

Menopause turns the body upside down, and one of the first consequences many women notice is vaginal dryness . About 40% of women experience it at this time of their lives, due to the drop in estrogen. ( ScienceDirect, 2017 ). The result: sometimes uncomfortable intercourse, feelings of tightness or even pain that can curb desire.

Natural lubrication also decreases, the vagina becomes less supple, and all of this can affect pleasure. This is a topic that is still under-discussed, yet it is essential for continuing to enjoy a fulfilling sexual experience without discomfort or pain.

Psychological causes

Weight gain, skin changes, thinner hair... These small (or large) changes can sometimes affect self-confidence. Feeling less desirable or less "in tune" with one's image can then impact the desire to indulge in intimacy.

Hormonal upheavals don't stop there: they can also increase stress, anxiety, or even lead to depressive episodes. This emotional cocktail often acts as a real obstacle to sexual desire.

And when sleep gets involved... Sleep disturbances, common during this time, lead to chronic fatigue. Less energy , less drive, and the desire for intimate moments sometimes takes a back seat. However, recognizing these obstacles is often the first step to overcoming them.

Relational factors

Menopause doesn't just affect the woman going through it; it also affects the dynamics of the relationship. A drop in libido can quickly become a source of misunderstanding or frustration if it's not approached kindly. Without open communication, each partner may find themselves interpreting the other's silence: one thinks their desire has vanished, the other doesn't dare explain what they're going through. The result? Tensions can build and create a divide where a simple exchange would have sufficed.

And then there's the routine. Long years of living together bring complicity and stability, but sometimes also... a little too much predictability. Habits take over, spontaneity fades, and sex can get bogged down. Yet, it doesn't have to be. With a bit of communication and a pinch of novelty, it's possible to rekindle the flame—even after menopause.

And if the desire is no longer there… that’s OK too!

Don't feel like making love? There's no obligation to "regain" your libido at all costs. The important thing is to listen to yourself, without pressure or guilt. Every woman experiences her sexuality at her own pace, and that's perfectly fine.

Solutions to maintain or revive sexual desire

The good news is that there are many solutions for enjoying a fulfilling sex life after menopause. Every woman is unique, and it's essential to listen to her needs.

Medical approaches

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

HRT is one of the most commonly prescribed treatments to compensate for the drop in estrogen. It helps reduce symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness, thus improving comfort during intercourse. However, this treatment is not suitable for all women and must be prescribed by a healthcare professional.

Vaginal lubricants and moisturizers

• Water-based or silicone-based lubricants can help reduce pain associated with vaginal dryness during intercourse.
• Vaginal moisturizers are used as a regular course of treatment to improve the elasticity and hydration of the vagina.

Natural and alternative approaches

Herbal medicine and food supplements

Certain herbs and supplements can support libido:

• Black cohosh and red clover to reduce hot flashes and improve hormonal balance.

• Maca and ginseng to boost energy and sexual desire.

• Omega-3 and vitamin D for better overall well-being.

Body practices and well-being

• Yoga and meditation : These disciplines help reduce stress and promote letting go, which is essential for sexual desire.
• Physical exercise : Regular physical activity improves blood circulation and stimulates the production of endorphins, the pleasure hormones.
  

Relationship and psychological advice

Menopause can shake up your relationship dynamic, but it's also an opportunity to rethink your bond and intimacy (if you're truly passionate about it). Communicating openly, exploring new desires, and, if necessary, seeking support can help you navigate this period together with peace of mind.

Re-establishing dialogue within the couple

Talking openly about your feelings, blockages, or desires is essential. This allows you to find suitable solutions together.

Explore new forms of pleasure

Menopause can be an opportunity to explore other forms of intimacy and break away from traditional sexual norms. Slow sex or the use of sex toys can enrich a couple's sexuality.

Call on professionals

Sexologists or couples therapists can help overcome certain blockages and find personalized solutions.

Testimonials and positive perspectives

Many women, after a period of adjustment, find sexual fulfillment, sometimes even greater than before menopause. Some report a newfound freedom , without the fear of pregnancy or the pressure of menstrual cycles.

In the end:

Menopause is a life stage marked by upheavals, but it doesn't mean the end of your sex life. With the right information, appropriate support, and self-awareness, it's entirely possible to enjoy a fulfilling sex life after menopause.

If you experience persistent discomfort or a significant drop in libido that worries you, don't hesitate to consult a healthcare professional or sexologist. Everyone deserves to feel good about their body and sexuality, at every stage of their life.