Recent advances in research

This pathology is characterized by the presence of foci of the endometrium (uterine lining) outside the uterine cavity, on the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity (peritoneum), the ovaries, the intestine or the bladder. Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women worldwide, and 1.5 million people in France.

Research is focusing on genetic risk factors for developing endometriosis. Discovering and identifying a combination of several genetic factors could lead to early diagnosis of the disease and thus accelerate its treatment.

To be spotted from adolescence

Very painful periods (at least 7 on a pain scale of 1 to 10), days of work or classes missed because of pain should raise alarm bells.

Other symptoms may be added: bloating , painful sexual intercourse , etc.

Symptoms can appear as early as the first period, or even a little later.

Several proven risk factors have been identified in endometriosis: low birth weight, low body mass index (BMI) from childhood through adulthood, as well as early menstruation and short cycles (less than 24 days).

Causes of endometriosis

The exact cause of endometriosis is unknown, but one theory suggests that retrograde menstruation (when menstrual blood flows into the body instead of out) may play a role. Over time, these cells can grow and cause inflammation or scarring in the affected areas.

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Understanding Endometriosis

• Identification of biomarkers:

Studies have identified biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of endometriosis. Biomarkers are substances in the body that indicate the presence or progression of the disease. These biomarkers can also help predict response to treatments .

• Development of targeted therapies:

Research is underway to develop targeted therapies that target the molecular signaling pathways involved in endometriosis. These therapies may offer additional benefits over current treatments, which often rely on hormone suppression.

• Genetic studies:

Genetic studies have revealed associations between certain genes and endometriosis. These findings could lead to a better understanding of the causes of the disease and the development of more personalized treatments .

• Interest in non-hormonal treatments:

There is growing interest in non-hormonal treatments for endometriosis, such as immunomodulatory therapies and anti-inflammatory agents. These treatments could offer alternative options for women who cannot take hormonal treatments or for those whose symptoms are not well controlled with these solutions.

What are the treatments for endometriosis?

Currently, the management of endometriosis is based on three techniques, used depending on the symptoms but also on the pregnancy desires of each patient.

1. First of all, hormonal treatments, which mainly aim to reduce the impact of menstrual cycles on the symptoms of the disease.
2. In cases of excessive pain and ineffectiveness of hormonal treatments, surgery may be considered.
3. Finally, in the event of a desire for pregnancy and in the face of infertility, medically assisted procreation may be offered. This treatment involves, in particular, ovarian stimulation (in the case of mild to moderate endometriosis) or in vitro fertilization (in the case of more severe endometriosis).

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Did you know? Endotest is the first saliva test to diagnose endometriosis, a gynecological disease that affects 10% of women in France.